Homologous series are referenced frequently in organic chemistry, where compounds can differ by the length of their carbon chain. A homologous series is a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties who share the same general formula. Alkanes form a homologous series and so do alkenes. And successive members of homologous series differ from one another in their mass by 14 units. Isomerism definition, detailed explanation, types, examples. Homologous series financial definition of homologous series. A few carbon compounds also exhibit a similar pattern. Homologous series is a series of organic compounds where the successive members follow a regular pattern. Information and translations of homologous series in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. The organisation of organic compounds into the various different homologous series makes the study of organic chemistry more systematic, orderly and effective.
The individual members of a homologous series are called homologues and the phenomenon is called homology. Organic compounds belonging to the main class can be divided into different families, known as homologous series, on the basis of similarity in structure and chemical properties. The functional group attached to these compounds is alcohol. Homologous series, any of numerous groups of chemical compounds in each of which the difference between successive members is a simple structural unit. What is homologous series explain with an example science. A homologous series is a group or family of organic compounds that has certain characteristics. To learn more about the information we collect, how we use it and your choices visit our privacy policy. Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes science chapter 4. Homologous series article about homologous series by the. Jun 12, 2017 order in homologous seriesphotograph shows the first members of various homologous series. Carbon and its compounds class 10 science, explanation. Ncert class 10 science lab manual homology and analogy of. All the compounds in this series have similar chemical properties but they differ in their physical properties.
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds that are arranged in order of increasing molecular weights, such that they differ from each other by a ch2 methylene group. Notes on homologous series grade 10 science carbon. Homologous series and functional groups extramarks. In chemistry, a homologous series is a series of organic compounds with a similar general formula, possessing similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same functional group, and shows a gradation in physical properties as a result.
Apr 14, 2020 homologous series class 10 video edurev is made by best teachers of class 10. The series like methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and so on is also a homologous series. Cbse class 10 science carbon and its compounds the family of organic compounds have same functional group, similar chemical. A homologous series is a group of organic compounds, which has the same. Titanium, vanadium, and molybdenum oxides all form homologous series e. Properties of homologous series definition, examples. Order in homologous seriesphotograph shows the first members of various homologous series. In chemistry, a homologous series is a group of compounds that share the same basic chemical makeup, but differ in the number of iterations of a certain aspect of their structure. Given here is the complete explanation of the chapter, along with examples and all the exercises, question and answers given at the back of the chapter. Properties of homologous series definition, examples, diagrams. A homologous series is a series of organic compounds which belong to the same family i. Chapter 4 carbon and its compounds ncert solutions for class.
The members of this series are called homologue and differ from each other by the number of ch 2 units in the main carbon chain. The central idea of biological evolution is that all life on earth shares a common ancestry and some similarities have evolved in other ways. Homologous series are often named for their first member for example, methane series, ethylene series, and so on. Notes on homologous series grade 10 science carbon and its. Organic compounds consequently tend to be less soluble as an homologous series is ascended. Study of functional groups, homologous series, combustion,oxidation, subst. Homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes with examples. Homologous series definition of homologous series by the. Such series are most common among organic compounds, the structural difference being a methylene group, as in the paraffin hydrocarbons, or. Alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters belong to different homologous series. With the increase in molecular mass in a homologous series the physical properties like melting points, boiling points and solubility in a.
Homologous series definition a homologous series is a group of organic chemical compounds, usually listed in order of increasing size, that have a similar structure and hence, also similar properties and whose structures differ only by the number of c. Homologous series grade 10 organic chemistry youtube. The compounds of each homologous series especially the middle members are characterized by relatively regular changes in certain physical properties. A homologous series is defined as a family or group of structurally similar organic compounds all the. Given here is the complete explanation of the chapter, along with examples and all the exercises, question and.
A homologous series in organic chemistry is a group of organic compounds compounds that contain c atoms that differ from each other by one methylene ch2 group. Each human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 total. Carbon and its compounds homologous series youtube. For example, methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc. For example, methane, ethane, and propane are part of a homologous series. May 31, 2018 learn homologous series with meritstore. Jun 22, 2018 mathematical tables are super interesting. Homologous series are not unique to organic chemistry. Examples of such series are the straightchained alkanes paraffins, and some of their derivatives such as the primary alcohols, aldehydes, and mono carboxylic acids. Homologous series meaning in the cambridge english. Homologous series is defined as a systematic order of organic compounds having same functional group that can be represented by same general formula and. You can think of an homologous series as a family or group of compounds, whose chemical behaviour is very similar and whose physical properties show trends when ascending the members of the group in terms of number of carbon atoms. Homologous series organic compounds are grouped into different homologous series. All the option contracts of the same class on the same underlying security with the same strike price and expiration date that are traded on an exchange.
May 08, 2017 a homologous series is a series of carbon compounds that have different numbers of carbon atoms but contain the same functional group. A homologous series may be defined as a family of organic compounds having the same functional group and similar chemical properties. What is the homologous series of hydrocarbons what do you mean by homologous series. Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes, cbse 10 science carbon and its compounds.
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds, which has the same functional group, but two successive members differ by ch 2 group. Translocation mutation between non homologous chromosomes is not to be confused with crossover between homologous chromosomes or regions of chromosomes. Choose from 352 different sets of homologous series flashcards on quizlet. We will look at the different characteristics and identify the homologous and analogous organs in the plants and animals we have selected. Define homologous series homework help mycbseguide. The word series implies that the members can be arranged in a single file and uniquely identified by an integer parameter. Each member of a homologous series is called a homologue. Natures chemistry homologous series national 5 chemistry.
Compounds within a homologous series typically have a fixed set of functional groups that gives them similar chemical and physical properties. The difference between each member of an homologous series is one ch 2 unit. Cbse ncert notes for class 10 chemistry carbon and its compounds. Homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes with. There is order in all homologous series with respect to the nomenclature. Homologous series is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and same functional group differing from the successive member by ch 2. Homologous series homologous series characteristics.
Define homologous series science carbon and its compounds. Cbse ncert notes class 10 chemistry carbon and its compounds. Following are the characteristics of a homologous series. Thus a collection of compounds with shared functional groups such as alkyne or chemical properties such as aromatic hydrocarbons may constitute a chemical family or class of homologous compounds, but not. Homologous series definition a homologous series is a group of organic chemical compounds, usually listed in order of increasing size, that have a similar structure and hence, also similar properties and whose structures differ only by the number of c h 2 units in the main carbon chain. Therefore, the compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers. Photograph shows the first members of various homologous series. Chemical compounds that have identical chemical formulae but differ in properties and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule are called isomers. A homologous series is a group of chemicals which have similar chemical properties and can be represented by a general formula. A series of organic compounds with the same general formula but differ from adjacent members by ch 2 group are referred to as homologous series of compounds. All the members of the same series cant be represented by the same general formula.
Homologous series grade 11 science notes reference notes. Learn homologous series with free interactive flashcards. It may be defined as the formation of wide varieties of organisms which have been evolved from preexisting organisms through their gradual changes since the beginning of life. Present general information about the definition, characteristics and structure of homologous including additional information not found in the original video lesson include at least 2 facts not. Such series are most common among organic compounds, the structural difference being a methylene group, as in the paraffin hydrocarbons, or alkanes.
Homologous series definition in the cambridge english. Ways to identify homologous series are discussed as well as the chemical and physical properties of. Homologous series chemistry, class 11, organic chemistry. A homologous series is a series of carbon compounds that have different numbers of carbon atoms but contain the same functional group. These compounds have similar chemical properties due to the addition of same kind of functional group throughout the chain. Deletion, the loss of genetic material, and duplication, the. Aug 20, 2018 what is the homologous series of hydrocarbons what do you mean by homologous series. It is defined as an atom or group of atoms radical which determines the chemical. All compounds having the same carbon framework skeleton and the same functional group in their molecules possess similar properties. A series of carbon compounds in which same functional group substitutes the hydrogen atom is called a homologous series. Ncert class 10 science lab manual homology and analogy of plants and animals. During sexual reproduction, one chromosome in each homologous pair is donated from the mother and the other from the father. The successive members of the series differ by a ct group and 14 mass units. The homologous series has compound with the same general formula and functional group all the compounds of the series have same chemical properties and physical properties with a gradual variation the preparation method of the compounds present in the series remains the same.
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures. Ncert solutions cbse class 10 chemistry chapter carbon and its compounds. Biology class 10 for cbse chapter notes and important questions. Carbon and its compounds class 10 science chapter, explanation, examples, question answers. For example, all call options on stock x with strike price y expiring on the last friday in march make up one option series in the exchange on which they are traded. This lesson covers the definition of a homologous series of molecules in organic chemistry. Every chromosome pair represents a set of homologous chromosomes. A homologous series is agroup of organic compounds having similar structure and similar chemical properties in. In the field of organic chemistry, a homologous series is a sequence of compounds with the. Scert kerala textbooks for class 10 kerala state syllabus 10th standard. Biology class 10 for cbse chapter notes and important. The alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes are examples of homologous series. An homologous series is a group of compounds with similar structural features that can be represented by a general formula whose members differ by one ch 2 unit you can think of an homologous series as a family or group of compounds, whose chemical behaviour is very similar and whose physical properties show trends when ascending the members of the group. Biology class 10 get chapter notes, watch revision videos and practice most important questions asked in cbse class 10 biology exam here to gain a competitive edge in your exams.
In the field of organic chemistry, a homologous series is a series of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties in which the members of the series can be branched or unbranched this can be the length of a carbon chain, for example in the straightchained alkanes paraffins, or it could be the number of monomers in a. Present general information about the definition, characteristics and structure of homologous including additional information not found in the original video lesson include at least 2. Natures chemistry hydrocarbons and homologous series. A homologous series is a series of compounds with the same general formula, usually varying by a single parameter such as the length of a carbon chain. The ch 2 group is nonpolar hydrophobic and this increases the percentage of the molecule that is unattractive to water. Carbon and its compounds notes of cbse class 10 science chapter with detailed explanation of the chapter carbon and its compounds along with meanings of difficult words. Carbon and its compounds class 10 science, explanation, notes. Such organic compounds that vary from one another by a repeating unit and have the same. Homologous series is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and same functional group differing from the successive member. An homologous series is a group of compounds with similar structural features that can be represented by a general formula whose members differ by one ch 2 unit. Answer a homologous series is a series of carbon compounds that have different numbers of carbon atoms but contain the same functional group. A human karyotype shows the complete set of human chromosomes. Homologous series definition of homologous series by. Nov 22, 2019 a homologous series is a series of compounds with the same general formula, usually varying by a single parameter such as the length of a carbon chain.